As is the belief of the Bhagavad Gita, the Ramcharitmaanasa
too beleives that even a little devotion pleases God. In the
beginning of Baal Kaand Tulsidas says, God's bhajan, even though
little, takes one across the ocean of birth and death (Baal
Kaand Doha 12: Ch:1). Similarly after narrating the various
ways of devotion, Rama tells Shabari that the living being who
practices even one of these is very dear to Him (Aran. Kaanda
Doha 35: Ch: 5).
Likewise, as the Gita had classified four kinds of devotees:
"The virtuous ones, O Arjuna, who pay homage to me are of
four kinds - Firstly, the man in distress, Secondly, the seeker
of knowledge, Thirdly the one who desires wealth, and Fourthly
the man of wisdom" (Bh. Gita. Ch: 7. V:16). Even so
the Ramcharitmaanasa speaks of devotees of four kinds, "In
the world there are four kinds of devotees Rama, and all the four
are virtuous, benevolent and free from sin". Firstly there
are those who take His name to acquire wealth etc., Secondly,
those taking His name to avoid distress, Thirdly, those taking
His name in order to realise him, and Fourthly those who remember
him out of love.
Japhi Naamu Jan
Aaarat Bhaaree / Mitahin Koosang-kat Hohin Sukhaaree.
Raam Bhakt Jag Chaari Prakaaraa / Sukritee Chaariu Anagh Udaaraa
Aspirants repeat
the Name when burdened with affliction: their troubles disappear
and they become happy. Thus, four kinds of devotees in the world,
and all four are meritorious, sinless, and noble. (Baal
Kaand. Doha 21: Ch: 3)
Devotion in any form is acceptable to God, even if the aim, of
which is to bring some material good to the devotee or to
mitigate some misfortune. It would be much better if the Sadhaka
habituate himself to expect everything from God whatever he wants
and, do not be too dependent on man only for everything. This
habit will give you more peace of mind and self reliance.
God is All: In Baal
Kaanda Tulsidas expresses the belief that there is nothing in the
world except God:
Aaakar Chaari
Laakh Chau-raa-see / Jaati Jee Jal Thal Nabh Baasee.
Siya Raam-mai Sab Jag Jaa-nee / Karoohn Pranaaam Johri Jug Paani.
Eight million four
hundred thousand species of living beings, classified extensively
under four divisions, inhabit land, water and the air. Realizing
the whole world to be pervaded by Sita and Rama, with folded
hands I bow again and again (Baalkand Doha 7D Ch: 1)
When Sutikshana, a disciple of the venerable sage Agastya, saw
Rama he invoked him as the storehouse of mercy. The sight of Rama
so filled Sutikshana with the ecstasy of devotion that he
completely forgot where he was and what he was doing. "He
can't see the path or where the path turns, nor the way. He can
see nothing. He even forgets his own existence. Sutikshana is an
example of the devotee who has reached the satge when he sees the
world enveloped by God --- Rama-maya. Describing the Lord's
nature, Krishna explains to Arjuna in the Bhagavada Gita,
"Virtually, therefore, it is from Me that the Universe
originates and in Me that it dissolves. There is nothing above
Me. Everything rests on Me as a row of pearls does on a
string."( Bh. Gita. 7: V: 6 & 7).
One of the main teachings of the Ramcharitmaanasa is that the
Sadhaka or aspirant sees Rama in all things. The entire world is
enveloped by him. So Shiva tells Parvati, "O Uma! Those who
are devoted to the feet of Rama, and are free from passion,
arrogance and rage, see the universe filled with God alone. So
does Kaakbhushundi tells Garura "O king of brids, listen,
those who seek happiness by means other than God's devotion are
devoid of any Bhakti. They wish to cross the mighty ocean of
birth and death without even a ship! (Uttara, Doha 114B: Ch:
2).
Name: Perhaps the greatest and most unique teaching of the
Ramcharitmaanasa is its emphasis on the chanting of God's name as
the means of deliverance. Rama's name is the miraculous potent
power which brings comfort to troubled souls like those of Bharat
--- "Jiha Naamu Japa Lochan Niiruu (Ayo. Kaanda. Doha
325. Ch: 1). And Rama Rama Raghupati Japat Sravat Nayan
Jaljaat. (Uttara Kaanda. Doha 1B). When Hanuman while
flying with the Sanjiivanbuutii -- life giving herb is
accidentally struck down by Bharat, he utters Rama's name while
falling --- Sumirat Rama Rama Raghunaayak. (Lanka Kaanda Doha:
58: Ch:1). It is Rama's name which makes the building of the
bridge across the ocean possible, thus enabling his army to get
across.
Right from the
beginning Tulsi sings the praises of that name which makes him
(Tulsidaasa) pure as the sacred Tulsi plant:
Naamu Raam Koh
Kalpatroo Kali Kalyaan Nivaasu.
Joh Sumirat Bhayoh Bha-ang Te Tulsi Tulsee Tulsee-daasu.
In this Kaliyuga
the Name of Rama is like a wish-yielding tree (the tree of
Paradise), the very home of blessing. Tulsidasa has become as
pure as the Tulasi plant by the potency of the name of Shri Ram (Baal
Kaanda. Doha 26)
In his masterful exposition Tulsi demonstrates the superiority
of the sacred name of Rama himself. Even by repeating it
backwards the sage Valmiki was purified and reached a high stage
of devotion. It is the easy way to libsration or emancipation,
and realising this even great gods like Shiva keep chanting
Rama's name. Shiva says to Paarvati, 'O Paarvati, by the power of
whose name I give to those who die in Kaashii the mantra of Rama,
thereby relieving him of sorrow --- he indeed is my Lord Rama.
Indisputably so, gods like Shiva and Sages like Narada know its
virtue. Rama's name is an exlir and tranquilizer to life in man's
quest for peace and self-realisation.
In the Kaliyuga particularly the chanting of Rama's name has
great significance and merit. In Satyuga, says Tulsidasa, God can
be pleased by meditation, in Treta Yuga by penance, in Dvaapara
by worship; but in the Kali Yuga Adharma or
unrighteousness has reached the limit.
Sat Yuga --- 1,728,000 years. Treta Yuga
1, 296,000 years. Dwapar Yuga --- 864,000 years Kali
Yuga ---- 432,000 years. Up to 1997 Kali Yuga
has finished 5,097 years.
When Rama offered the mortally slain Jatayu his life, he
refused it because the same Rama by taking His name at the hour
of death, even the worst of us may achieve liberation. However,
Shri Rama was already standing before Jatayu. This being so there
was no reason for him to keep his body any more. As an Avatar -
divine incarnation, we have seen the redemption of Ahalya,
Shabari, Jatayu, Vibhishana, Hanuman and so forth by the divine
touch of the God incarnate.
The Brhadaaranyaka Upanishad gives the drum (Dundubhi)
as an example. The same drum gives out many kinds of sound. some
may frighten us, others would make us dance. If we are to Master
all these emotions, we have to catch hold of the drummer. Once he
is in our hands, all the notes too are in our hands. In one word
the Lord says:- "Those who wish to cross maya, let them take
refuge in Me". Only those who surrendered to Me will escape
the play of Maya; for them, the waters of Maya dry up here and
now.
Mahatma Gandhi was devoted to the name of Shri Rama, so much
so that he uttered the name of Shri Rama ( Hey Ram ) as
the assasins bullet hit his frail and emaciated body.
"A man reaps the fruits of his own actions, good or bad,
exactly in the same way in which he has done them". (Ayodhya
Kaand. 93:9)
"A man's conduct reveals what he really is". (Ayodhya
Kand. 109:4)
"No affliction, nor temptation, no guilt nor power of
sin, no wounded spirit nor teriified consccience, should induce
us to despair of help and comfort from God". (T. Scott)
Always endeavour in your efforts to be absorbed in meditation,
Jap, study of the scriptures, worship and devotional music.
What then is this that we call Maya? The power
of God, His art, the skill of His hands. This is what we call Maya.
God's creation, the living and the non-living formed this many
coloured world, the glamour and glitter which delude us so much
that we often accept the unreal as real things.